Factors affecting the survival of patients with acute myocardial infarction hospitalized in the cardiac care unit of Shahid Sayad Shirazi Teaching and Medical Center of Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Iran, in a 5-year period (2013-2018)

 The present study was conducted to determine the factors affecting the survival of myocardial infarction (MI) patients hospitalized in the cardiac care unite (CCU) at the 5-year period (2013-2018).

 By knowing the factors affecting survival, it is possible to focus more on prevention and treatment protocols.

  This is a retrospective cohort study investigating the data from the records of 277 patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) hospitalized in the CCU ward of Shahid Sayad Shirazi Teaching and Medical Hospital affiliated to Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Iran, over a 5-year period from 2013 to 2018. The convenience sampling method was used, and the inclusion criteria encompassed those with diagnosed MI based on the report of cardiologist, disease history, signs in electrocardiogram (ECG), and cardiac enzyme marker tests. The instrument used for data collection included a list of clinical information, laboratory parameters, and demographic information. The data were analyzed in SPSS-16, using descriptive and inferential statistics.

This study revealed that 187 patients (67. percent) were males, and the mean age of expired patients was significantly higher than the recovered ones (P=0.002). Moreover, the mean cholesterol and blood sugar values in the expired patients were significantly higher than the recovered ones (P=0.033, P=0.015, respectively). Correspondingly, there were a statistically significant differences in the mean value of hemoglobin and red blood cells between the two groups (P=0.002, P=0.047, respectively). MI patients who didn’t use drugs, cigarettes, and water pipe and had no systemic diseases were more likely to survive compared to those with a history of addiction and systemic diseases (P=0.04, P=0.029). Finally, the survival graph showed that 50 percent of the patients were alive until the 11th day of hospitalization (median survival time, 11 days).

 Determining the factors affecting the survival rate of patients after MI can be the focus of prevention and screening programs for high-risk groups of patients with acute myocardial infarction.  Hence, increasing the survival of patients with acute MI requires health policymakers to take comprehensive actions at prevention levels.