Evaluation of Cytotoxicity of Endoseal MTA Sealer as a Root Canal Perforation Restorative Material on Gingival Fibroblasts Compared to Iranian ProRoot MTA and CEM by MTT test

Root canal perforation is a reason for root canal treatment failures. Cytocompatibility is an essential feature of a perforation restorative material. This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of Endoseal MTA sealer as a root canal perforation restorative material on human gingival fibroblast cells in comparison to Iranian ProRoot MTA and CEM using tetrazolium-based colorimetric assay (MTT test). MTA, CEM, and Endoseal MTA were prepared and exposed (for 48 h) to cell culture media 72 h after setting. Human gingival fibroblasts were then cultivated and incubated for 24 h with different dilutions (1/2, 1/4, 1/8) of each sealer extract. Cell viability was evaluated using the MTT test. The data were compared using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s post hoc test for multiple comparisons. P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. There was a significant association between CEM cell viability and Endoseal MTA as well as between MTA and CEM in 1/2 dilution. No significant difference was found in 1/4 and 1/8 dilusions between the percentage of cell viability of different sealers. Based on the results of this study, although Endoseal MTA sealer is more toxic than CEM in ½ dilution, it has higher biocompatibility compared to MTA and can be considered as a perforation restorative material in terms of other favorable qualities.