A review of Water, Energy, and Food Nexus in Iran: Necessity, Challenges and Suggested Solutions

Background and Propose:

 Due to the world's population grows, water, energy and food supply will be one of the most important challenges in the future. The predictions show the water, energy, and food crisis in the future of Iran and the world. The aim of this study is to review the global challenges as well as challenges in Iran in providing the required water, energy and food resources in the coming years for human societies. The water, energy and food nexus is an overall vision of sustainability that seeks to strike a balance between different goals, interests and needs of people and the environment. The water, energy, and food nexus can be a guide for sustainable development policy in the country to overcome the environmental and water crises in the future.

In this study, while reviewing the researches conducted regarding the water, energy and food nexus in Iran and the world, it has investigated the challenges and the necessity of investigating this nexus in Iran and the world.

Among the results of this research, the main challenges in the implementation of water, energy and food nexus in Iran can be mentioned, which include: sectorial policies and lack of integrated management, lack of financial resources to carry out projects related to water, energy and food nexus, lack of related information sources and lack of drafting upstream laws in the field of development of water, energy and food nexus.

In the end, among the conclusions of this study, it is possible to point out suggestions for the development of water, energy, and food nexus, which include: development of cooperation and coordination of all related bodies, including ministries, Islamic Council, universities, associations, companies, determining an institution for policy making and reaching a common consensus, creating and developing the infrastructure of the clearing market of affiliates, developing the digital economy for the development of new technologies related to implementation correlation plans for water, energy and food nexus, land preparation and systematic assessment of natural, social, economic and cultural factors. The reviews and results of this review article can unravel the problems predicted in the future of Iran and the world through correct management and policy.