Identifying the factors affecting the application of information and communication technology (ICT) in order to present a model in Iranian schools

The aim of this study was to identify the factors affecting the use of ICT in order to present the model in Iranian schools. The research method was conducted with an approach mixed with exploratory design (in-depth and exploratory interviews with refining). In the qualitative approach, a purposeful method, and interviews with professors of the Department of Educational Sciences and senior managers and education experts of 20 peope were used to compile a questionnaire. The key points of the semi-structured interview were categorized and labeled in professional terms. In the quantitative approach, a descriptive survey method was used. The statistical population of the study consisted of all school principals in Iran (105,968 people) who were selected as a sample using cluster random sampling method based on Cochran's formula. In order to collect data by field method, a researcher-made questionnaire of factors affecting the application of information and communication technology with 55 questions and 10 components was used. The face and content validity of the tool was approved by experts; And its convergent validity was calculated using the coefficients of mean extraction variance (AVE) that AVE values for all components were greater than 0.5. Also, for all components, Cronbach's alpha and combined reliability higher than 0.7 were calculated and confirmed. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were used to analyze the data. The results showed that; Factors affecting the application of information and communication technology have ten components (infrastructure, management, psychological, motivational, technical-consulting, cultural, social, economic, supportive-support and educational-skill) that the supportive component has the most share and the technical-consulting component has the lowest share. Data analysis was performed using SPSS20 and PLS software.