Extraction and Identification of Land Surface Temperature and Explaining Its Relationship with Urban Land Use (A Case Study of Districts 1 And 21 of Tehran)

Today, cities are extremely vulnerable due to population growth, industrial expansion, consumption of fossil fuels as a result of greenhouse gas emissions, air pollution, and finally climate change. With the expansion of cities, many natural surfaces go under construction, more synthetic materials are used, and population and building densities increase the production of heat from human activities. All of these cases, along with the type of land use in the city, cause certain characteristics such as radiant power, heat capacity, albedo, etc., and show a different surface temperature than other places. Space technology has been used successfully to determine surface temperature and urban energy balance. In this study, the surface temperature of districts 1 and 21 of Tehran was identified using Landsat 7 satellite images and its surface temperature was estimated by adapting it to the land use map of these areas. The results show that there is a close relationship between land use and surface temperature, as in these two areas, depending on the role and activity of each area, different surface temperatures have been identified. District 21 with industrial and workshop operations, barren lands, lack of vegetation, lack of waterways, and excessive use of artificial and industrial materials as well as production of heat due to human activities shows an average surface temperature of 5 degrees Celsius higher than that of region 1.