Influence of Asbāb Al-Nuzūl Narrations on the Interpretations of Commentators Before 300 AH

Turning to the narrations of Asbab al-Nuzul is a clear example of the commentator's attempt to be in the conditions of the revelation of the verses of the Holy Qurʾān in order to achieve a correct and comprehensive understanding of the concepts of the verses. Excessive trust in the Asbab al-Nuzul  and neglecting its damages can also cause slippages in the opinions of commentators. In this study, we intend to review the evidence of the wrong understanding of the verses of the Qurʾān in the first three centuries of the Hijra, and the cases of slippages caused by trusting the narrations that caused the downfall from an intra-religious point of view. In the first step, we will define the causes of descent and state its benefits and harms. Then we will review the opinions of the commentators of the first three centuries of Hijra in using the narrations of the causes of descent, and examples of incorrect usage. It is possible to recognize three categories of slippages in understanding the causes of revelation: incorrect determination of exceptions, unjustified claims of abrogation in the Qurʾān, and mixing criteria for distinguishing Meccan and Madani suras.