Evaluation of Root Canal Anatomy in Mandibular Anterior-teeth and Mandibular and Maxillary Premolars in v itro

Exact information about the anatomy of root canals is an important factor in the prognosis of root canal therapy. The purpose of this study was to determine the root canal anatomy in mandibular anterior teeth and premolars by clear and dye penetration method. In this study, 350 human mandibular anterior teeth and mandibular and maxillary premolars (from each:50 teeth) were used to determine the number of root canals and accessory and lateral canals. The examination of root canal systems was based on Vertucci’s classification and the method of clear and dye penetration with a little modification, compare to the other researches. The average frequency of type I canal in central, lateral incisors and cuspids were respectively 84, 78% and 94%. Type II: 10%, 12% and 14%. TypeIII: 2%, 2% and 0%, type IV: 8%, 2% and 40%. The average frequency of lateral canals in these teeth were 10%, 12% and 10%, and accessory canals 24%, 28% and 20%. The mean frequency of type I in mandibular premolars were 78% and 90%, typeII: 2% and 4%, type IV 6% and 4%, type V 14% and 2%. The frequency of lateral canals in these two teeth were 34% and 28% and accessory canals were 20% and 20%. The average frequency of type I in maxillary premolars were 10% and 54% respectively, typeII: 24% and 20%, type IV: 64% and 24%, type V: 2% and 2% respectively. The frequency of lateral canals in these two teeth were 14% and 4% and accessory canals 18% and 22%. Considering this research o ur method with a little modification compare to the other methods could be a useful and precise procedure for evaluation of root canal anatomy.