Preparation of niosomal nanostructure containing Brucella trivalent immunogen as a vaccine candidate

Brucellosis is one of the most common diseases between humans and animals. Therefore, the need for prevention and production of an efficient vaccine is necessary. The aim of the present study is to prepare a niosomal nanostructure containing trivalent immunogen (TF, Bp26 and Omp31) of Brucella as a nanovaccine candidate.

In this study, after designing the immunogen structure by bioinformatics databases and software, in order to evaluate the immunogenicity of the designed recombinant protein, clone and gene expression were carried out in E.coli BL21. The protein extracted from the culture of said cells was purified by Ni-NTA column. Thin layer coating method was used to prepare niosomes carrying trivalent immunogen and were evaluated using DLS and Zetasizer characterization tests. Then, the amount of trivalent immunogen loading and release was calculated.

The results of the characterization confirmed the successful fabrication of niosomal nanosystem containing trivalent immunogen. The results showed that the produced niosomes are in a suitable range of size (100 nm). Trivalent immunogen with high efficiency (81.96%) is encapsulated in the system. The release of trivalent immunogen from Niosomal nanosystem was reported to be 97% after 96 hours. In addition, the trivalent immunogen release pattern of the coated system was more controlled and slower. This confirms the positive effect of the niosome nanosystem.

The use of nisome as a nanovaccine agent has an effective role in controlling antigen release and can be considered as a vaccine candidate and increase the protective immune response against Brucella.