A Comparative Study and Analysis of Suhrawardi and Ibn Kammonah's Views on the Createdness and Eternity of the Soul

The createdness and eternity of the soul is one of the important issues of soulology, which has been the focus of philosophers for a long time. Based on his intellectual principles and foundations, Suhrawardi considers the soul to be created. He believes that the soul occurs separately from matter at the same time as the material body. But the commentators of his thought, including Ibn Kammonah, did not accept his opinion and sometimes considered his reasons insufficient and incomplete. While considering others' statements about the createdness of the soul to be weak, Ibn Kammonah suggested an argument and sought to prove the eternity of the soul. Using the descriptive-analytical method and comparing the opinions of both philosophers, this article aims to clarify one of the angles of this debate and depicts the structural and practical differences between these two philosophers. Moreover, considering Suhrawardi's philosophical foundations, the present paper seeks to interpret his opinions and show that human souls existed before the world in the region of their cause and God in a general and collective way, and then they were created in this world in a partial and personal way.
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