Investigation of the protective effect of different levels of garlic hydroalcoholic extract on lipid peroxidation level and activity of deltamethrin-induced antioxidant enzymes in rat’s serum

The present study was performed to determine the antioxidant protective role of garlic extract in deltamethrin-induced damages on serum parameters of rats with five treatments and six replications. In this experiment, it was hypothesized that garlic hydroalcoholic extract due to its potential antioxidant properties and cysteine compounds can reduce the damage caused by deltamethrin toxin and can have positive effects on the level of lipid peroxidation and the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Therefore, an experiment was designed in a completely randomized design. Treatments included 1- control, 2- sham, 3- deltamethrin 10 mg, 4- deltamethrin plus 20 mg of garlic extract, and 5- deltamethrin plus 40 mg of garlic extract. Data analysis of variance was done and comparison of means were performed by Duncan's multiple range test. Antioxidant indices, liver enzymes and enzymatic and biochemical markers were measured acordingly. The levels of TAC (Total Antioxidant Capacity) and GSHP (Glutathione peroxidase) in the deltamethrin group decreased significantly compared to the control (P<0.05), nevertheless with the injection of garlic extract, the activity level of these two parameters increased significantly (P<0.05). The results showed that the levels of MDA (Malondialdehyde), catalase (CAT) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) in the deltamethrin group increased significantly compared to the control (P<0.05) and injection of garlic extract in both amounts (20 and 40mg treatments) significantly reduced the level of these parameters compared to the deltamethrin group. Amounts of liver enzymes showed that the activity levels of enzymes (ALT, AST, ALP and LDH), increased by injecting the toxin, however their activities decreased significantly after receiving the garlic extract (P<0.05). Creatinine level in the deltamethrin group also increased significantly compared to the control group, which decreased significantly after treatment of mice with the garlic extract (P<0.05). It can be concluded that the present experiments confirm the protective role of garlic against deltamethrin poisoning in rats.