Studying the Scientific, Economic and Social Effects of Iranian Environmental Researches

The new approach to the environment in the current century and considering it as a part of the national capital of countries, the need to preserve it by using clean technologies such as biological technology has become the most important concern of mankind in the present century. In the third chapter of the country's comprehensive scientific map document, which is dedicated to the country's science and technology priorities, in its first priority in the technology sector, "environmental technologies" have been proposed and called for directing funds, guiding the educational system, and reforming and renewing structures and processes. It is for the rapid growth of this field. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to study the scientific, economic and social effects of the researches carried out in the field of environment in order to clearly reflect the current situation of the said field in Iran.

The present research is of applied type and has been carried out using quantitative and scientific approach. The research community has been 10268 articles from the Scopus database in the field of environment during the years 2012 to 2021, which by using library methods for the purpose of theoretical foundations and retrospective bibliometric analysis, scientific researches in the field of environment in terms of the publication process of articles, It studies the status of patent citations and the status of readers in different social network platforms. Also, in order to check the amount of reflection of articles in social media, the data of Altmetrics database was used and the data obtained from that database was analyzed statistically in SPSS software. In the field of inferential data analysis, Spearman's correlation test has been used in this software.

The findings showed that the highest publication of scientific productions in 2021, the highest citation to scientific productions in the field of "environment" in 2018, and the highest impact of citation with normalized weight belong to the years 2021 and 2019. Also, the highest and lowest citation weight points are related to the years 2021 and 2014. In addition, the utilization of researches in order to create environmental products in 2012 has been much better than other years in the examined decade, and the number of patents granted in 2012 (the first year of the examined decade) to scientific and Iran's research in the field of biotechnology is also more than the other years under review, and this difference is due to the use of the mentioned scientific products by a large number of patents, which makes them visible. The highest level of reflection of the environment in social networks belonged to Mendeley software, Dimension citation, user tweets, news media and Facebook, respectively.

Discution: 

In order to increase economic growth and support and protect patent rights in the field of environment, provision of necessary fields such as laws and regulations and other necessary infrastructures should be included in the country's economic policy agenda. From another point of view, the exact attribution of technological advances to studies and researches is also a difficult and complicated task. Global systems that are dedicated to monitoring scientific activities published at the international level have tried to follow the connections made between researches and patents and to some extent determine their impact and economic effectiveness. In any case, it is difficult and almost impossible to provide accurate and objective data about which of the researches in the field of environment has been economically successful.