A Study at Technical Differences in the “Zahak Execution” paintings by Safavi Era painters with Mohammad Ghasem and Mohammad Yousef Case Study

The history of art, as the history of thought, emphasizes the point that by examining the artworks of each period and studying and analyzing them, one can understand the intellectual-cultural, economic and political situation of that society. The Safavid period, as one of the most important artistic periods in Iran, is no exception to this rule. The change of themes, dimensions, techniques, construction methods, and the emergence of personal styles in the artworks of the Safavid era indicate fundamental changes in the structure of society and art patrons in this period.
The Safavid period is a turning point in Iran's political-social developments after Islam, period which begins with the rule of Shah Ismail Safavi and reached the peak of prosperity with the reign of Shah Abbas arrive As in other fields The art of painting has also been influenced by the political, social, economic and religious developments of this period. Including these effects It is possible to point out the removal of the art of painting from the monopoly of the court Kind If until this period, the major works of painting in the workshop Royal or in the workshop produced by local rulers In this period, ordinary people of the society also commissioned painting works in single form leaf on brought and has become a new patron of art and artist are Another result of this situation is the freedom of the artists and the faster completion of the works, the style and pen, and the different techniques of the artists. A topic that today is very effective in the version Identification and separation of works without figures of artists from each other. In this research, two works with a single theme and an emphasis on the special pen of each artist, from two painters of the Safavid era, "Mohammed Ghasem" and "Mohammed Youssef" have been discussed. The chosen topic is "Taking Laughter". The images of this research are selected from Winsor's Shahnameh and Rashida's Shahnameh, after the narration of the picture, by putting these two works together and matching them Based on the work style of each artist and the comparison of processing and construction techniques, each artist's pen has been tried to be identified and the work style of each one explained. The main question of the research is the existence of the difference between the pen and the construction technique of Mohammad Qasim and Mohammad Youssef and its reasons, Ali in spite of Being a period in the Safavid era. This research is descriptive-analytical and study library documents And observation and analysis of the works has been done. In this study, the statistical population includes three pictures of the scene of the hanging of Zahak, which has been analyzed and compared qualitatively through deductive and inductive reasoning. Based on the findings The results of this research, due to the social, political and economic situation during the time of Mohammad Qasim and Mohammad Youssef, May Ability to distinguish between pen and technique The construction of these two artists P win, the main reason for which is the existence of a new class of patrons of artists in the Safavid era.