The Structural Modeling of the Relationship between Teaching Approaches and Academic Achievement Goals: Explaining the Mediating Role of Students' Academic Optimismtle

The aim of this study was to investigate the structural modeling of the relationship between teaching approaches and goals of academic achievement with the mediating role of students' academic optimism. This is an applied research and descriptive correlation method of path analysis. The statistical population of all female high school students in Neka city was 2000 students in the academic year 2021-2022 They were studying. Sample size According to Krejcie and Morgan table, 317 students were selected by stratified random sampling method based on educational background. Data collection tools include standard questionnaires Kadivar teachers' teaching approaches, Migli's achievement goals and academic optimism by Ghasemi. The supervisor and the consultant due to their standardization approved the face validity of the questionnaires. The reliability of the questionnaires was obtained through Cronbach's alpha coefficient for Kadivar (1399) teaching approaches 89%, Migli (2000) achievement goals (81) and Ghasemi (1397) 86% academic optimism. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequency tables, mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation coefficient and SEM structural equations by SPSS22 software) and Smart PLS). Data analysis showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between the components of teaching approaches and achievement goals in students. There is a positive and significant relationship between the components of teaching approaches and academic optimism in students. There is a positive and significant relationship between the components of academic optimism with achievement goals in students and also other research findings showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between teaching approaches and achievement goals with the mediating role of academic optimism in students.