Measuring capabilities of sensors in identifying hematite and magnetite minerals using spectral data (case study: East Azarbaijan province)

According to the geological position and diversity of various events in the northwest of Iran, East Azarbaijan province has a high potential in relation to iron mineralization. The aim of the present study is to identify hematite and magnetite miSnerals in the study area, which includes a range between the cities of Tabriz, Shabestar, Haris and Warzghan. In this research, the multispectral data of OLI sensor of Landsat 8 satellite, ASTER sensor of TERRA satellite, Sentinel-2 satellite, as well as hyperspectral data of Hyperion sensor in order to monitor hematite and magnetite minerals and existing geological maps were used for validation. Is. In this study, in order to identify hematite and magnetite minerals, multi-spectral spectral data was used and to obtain data, data related to different time spectra of these sensors were used. For all obtained data, pre-processing operations, including Atmospheric and radiometric corrections have been done in the environment of ENVI5.3 software. The methods used in this research include index-based methods (band ratio operation) and spectrum-based methods (SID), MF, SFF, LSU). Considering the geological history of East Azarbaijan province, the results of these two methods represent The presence of two minerals, hematite and magnetite, was within the scope of the study, and the comparison of the results showed that the multi-spectral data of the ASTER sensor has a high ability to distinguish and identify the two studied minerals. Since the access to Hyperion hyperspectral data is limited and also covers a limited area compared to multi-spectral data, it can be concluded that ASTER data has more advantages and efficiency in mineralogical studies than other sources of spectral data