مجله کاربرد سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی و سنجش از دور در برنامه ریزی
سال چهاردهم شماره 3 (پیاپی 53، پاییز 1402)

 Tourism capacities are considered as special capitals of every country and region, and its introduction, classification and planning are of great importance for the expansion of the tourism industry, and since the 1990s, due to the agricultural stagnation and its subsequent problems in rural communities, experts and planners have They have emphasized the importance of expanding rural tourism. The purpose of this research is to investigate the potential of rural tourism (Gamish Tepe city). In this research, in order to prepare the required information and data, documentary and library surveys and field studies have been used, which first collect statistics and information and studies conducted at the regional level (including: climatic parameters, geomorphology, geology, hydrogeology, human and environmental) and preparing the required maps including: temperature, rainfall, hours, erosion, slope, geology, faults, underground water, surface water, land use, communication lines, protected areas, population centers, with GIS is used and according to the obtained information, the attractions, facilities, services and tourism situation in the region are investigated and then, by using the TOPSIS model, the tourism capacities of Gomish Tepe are ranked and leveled according to the respondents. has taken . According to the research results of Charqoli village with a TOPSIS rank of 612/. It was chosen as a model tourism village of Gomish Tepe sector. 

The lack of reverse logistics in sports has caused very destructive effects on the environment due to sports and sports events in Semnan province. The aim of the current research is to present the ideal model and strategies for the development of sports spaces in Semnan province by using reverse logistics. The method of the current research is of mixed exploratory type. Out of 180 experts, 120 people answered the questions of a questionnaire including: causal conditions, background conditions, intervening conditions, main phenomenon, development strategies, development consequences, which were confirmed in the qualitative part by experts and its validity and reliability were confirmed by the experts. They responded to the available sampling method. GIS software was used to describe the state of sports spaces in Semnan province, and confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were used to check and analyze the measurement model.The findings showed that Shahroud city is in a more favorable state in terms of sports environment than other cities of the province. Among the identified strategies, "politicization in sports of the province based on environmental goals" should be given the highest priority, "supervising the successful implementation of reverse logistics activities in the sports of the province with emphasis on environmental principles" and the strategy of "providing the required financial resources" In order to carry out reverse logistics measures in the sports body of the province, priority is to be operationalized. And finally, "Training and empowering human forces specializing in sports in the province in line with environmental goals" to pave the way for the development of the reverse logistics of sports in the province. Also, the results indicated the favorable fit of the reverse logistics development model in sports of the province. Therefore, it is necessary to identify and analyze the policies for the development of sports spaces in the province by the responsible organizations.

Waste management is one of the major challenges of urban management in different parts of the world. This problem is more severe in developing countries, which contain a large part of the world's population. The current research is to locate the landfill site selection in Haftkal county, Khuzestan. In this study, three main morphological, environmental and socio-economic criteria were considered. Sub-criteria include slope, elevation, geology, distance from faults, distance from water wells, distance from water surface, distance from roads, distance from oil and gas pipelines, distance from high voltage power transmission lines, distance from residential areas, distance from protected areas and landuse. According to the conditions of the city and with the help of experts' opinion, the main morphological criterion with 0.443 was assigned the most points and importance among the main criteria .Also among the sub-criteria slope, geology, distance from underground water wells and distance from roads got the most points. In this study, Geographic Information System techniques such as Weighted Sum, Fuzzy Overlay and Boolean was used and among the used Fuzzy Sum and Weighted Sum methods introduced the most suitable lands for the construction of a landfill site and the methods of Fuzzy Gamma 0.3 and Fuzzy Product were the most strict functions and they identified 171.14 square kilometers and 124.01 square kilometers of land in Haftkal as suitable for the construction of a landfill site. According to Boolean's logic the current landfill site of Haftkal is located in an inappropriate place and in the other of the studied methods it is in the average range.

Natural hazards are a reality that has affected a significant part of the southern regions of Semnan today. Due to the fact that in some cases, it is not possible to prevent the occurrence of these natural hazards, therefore, it is very important to investigate the level of resilience against natural disasters. Waghbar) is affected by desert areas, Semnan city.The current research is applied and analytical-descriptive in purpose. Using the fuzzy model, this research seeks to evaluate the resilience of the southern residents of Semnan city against dust, in this regard, 40 questionnaires were provided to experts and specialists, the reliability of the questionnaire was determined by Cronbach's alpha, and its validity was determined by the experts in geography and Urban planning and social sciences were approved. The questions included four dimensions (physical, social, economic and institutional) which were answered by experts. Findings It indicates that: the main question of the research has been rejected at a significant level. And the maximum amount of resilience in the social, economic and organizational dimensions, the amount of resilience is significantly greater than the hypothetical average, so that the three sub-questions of the research are confirmed. they got.According to the research findings, there is no significant relationship between resilience and physical, social, economic, and institutional components. With the explanation that the lower the level of each of the components, the level of resilience also decreases, the results of analyzes and statistical tests show that the state of resilience of Shahr Semnan is not very favorable and resilience tends towards vulnerability. The resilience values of Semnan city are far from the standards.

Due to the occurrence of periods of drought and increased exploitation of the aquifer, the expansion of agriculture and the increase in groundwater harvesting, the level of the underground water level has decreased in the Bijar-Divandere Aquifer, which is the result of the decrease in the level of the underground water level and the decrease the efficiency of the wells has increased. The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of drought on the quantitative changes of underground water resources using geographic information system and groundwater resource index of Bijar-Divandere Aquifer based on representative hydrograph. In order to carry out this research, the statistics of 25 observation wells during the period of 2017-2018 were examined. At first, statistical data was collected and after entering the data into the geographic information system (GIS) with interpolation method, maps of parallel lines and zoning of changes in the level of underground water, as well as from the water source index. The underground GRI was used to monitor the time of drought of underground water sources in Bijar-Divandere Aquifer. The results of the changes in the reservoir volume of Bijar-Divandere Aquifer showed that the deficit of the reservoir volume is equal to 11.5 million cubic meters. Also, the time monitoring of the drought of the groundwater resources of the plain with the GRI index has a downward trend towards drought during the twenty-year period, and the most severe groundwater drought in the year 2018 has occurred with an index of -1.97. The obtained results indicate that if the current management process continues, we will witness a sharp drop in the aquifer and irreparable damage in the next few years.