Comparison of Bulblet Production, Enlargement, and Dormancy Breaking in some ‎Commercial hybrid Lilium Cultivars in greenhouse ‎

The formation of a flowering stem in Lilium requires the production of commercial bulblet and its breaking dormancy. Three experiments, each as a completely randomized design based on a factorial experiment, were conducted. The first was to evaluate the effects of cultivar and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) (100 mg/L) on bulblet production rate in scales. In the second, with the aim of investigating the effect of medium culture and bulblet size on bulblet size-changing percentage, bulblets were classified into three sizes according to circumference and weight, then cultivated in two peat:perlite (70:30) and sandy medium. Six commercial hybrids were used in these two experiments. In the third, the effect of bulblet size, chilling, heating, and gibberellic acid on dormancy breaking of the top three cultivars were investigated. In the first experiment, NAA did not have a positive effect on bulblet production, and the highest production rate (4.1 bulblets per scale) was seen in not treated scales with NAA in ‘pinnacle’. According to the results of the second, the largest bulblet and peat:perlite medium showed the best results. The highest bulblet circumference-changing percentage (99.7%) and the highest weight-changing percentage (180.56%) were obtained in the largest size of ‘Pinnacle’ bulblet in peat:perlite medium. According to the results of the third, more than 60% of gibberellic acid-treated bulblets in ‘Pinnacle’ and ‘Eyeliner’ flowered, and the largest bud (8.57 cm) produced by the largest bulblet in ‘Pinnacle’. Therefore, ‘Pinnacle’ and ‘Eyeliner’ were introduced as suitable cultivars for production and gibberellic acid as a chilling replacement for dormancy breaking.