Investigating the Effect of Seed Priming on Different Indicators of Emergence and Yield of Different Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Cultivars

Germination is one of the most critical, sensitive, and main phenological stages in the life cycle of a plant and a key process in plant growth. To investigate the effects of seed priming on different germination characteristics of different wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.), a factorial experiment is conducted in the form of a completely randomized design in the research greenhouse of the Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Hamadan Province in 2022. The treatments include priming of seeds with fertilizers 1. Biozar, 2. Seafull amino zinc, 3. Sabzine, 4. Royesh, 5. Ecobooster, and 6. Control (no fertilizer application) and different wheat cultivars include Pishgam, Zarineh, Heydari, Sadra, Hashtrood, and Baran. The results show that seed priming have increased the coleoptile length, root and stem length, root and stem weight, percentage, speed of germination, vigor index, and activity of catalase and peroxidase enzymes in wheat seedlings in comparison with the control. The highest enzyme activities of catalase (0.129 Unit/ml) and peroxidase (88.58 Unit/ml) are obtained in seedlings obtained from seeds priming with Seafull amino zinc, being 65.8% and 32% more than the control, respectively. Considering that seed priming is a simple and cost-effective method and at the same time it is simple and does not require complex technical knowledge, it can be easily implemented by farmers. Therefore, this method is recommended to improve germination and seedling growth and increase the quality and strength of wheat seeds.