A reflection on Two Rationalist and Shariat-Based Approaches, In the Index Texts of the Period of Islamic Civilization in the Basics of Ethics and Medical Law

 The basics of ethics and medical law, always in medical ethics books or its implied works in Islamic civilization. It has been the focus of attention and discussion with different approaches. Explaining the data of these works and the approach of doctors and the dos and don'ts of medical ethics and law, it is important for the creation of a new Islamic civilization. The purpose of this article is to investigate two rationalistic and Sharia-based approaches in the implied works of some doctors in the basics of ethics and medical law.

 This is an original fundamental research, with a descriptive-analytical method, focused on the texts of ethics and medical law in the period of Islamic civilization, especially the "Kitāb ul mā" written by Abu Muhammad Azdī. By directly searching the keywords of "Adab al-Tabib", medical ethics, patient rights, Abu Muhammad Azdī and repeated reading of "Kitab al-Ma'a", concepts related to the purpose of research extraction, classification, analysis and then it was written. To present the background of the research, keywords in the databases Magiran, Noormags, SID, Scopus, PubMed were searched.

Ethical Considerations: 

In this research, all ethical and trustworthiness principles have been fully observed in referring to documents.

 Two rationalistic and Shariat-based approaches, looking at ethics, law and medical ethics two rationalistic and Shariat-based approaches, looking at ethics, rights and medical etiquette among doctors in the periods of Islamic civilization who also have a great reputation in the history and ethics of medicine, is visible. each of these two approaches has representatives. Razi, relying on reason and Muhammad Azdī and Quṭb ad-Dīn ash-Shīrāzī, with special attention to Sharia, are the representatives of two rationalist and Sharia-based approaches.

 These two approaches from the perspective of contemporary researchers or they have been neglected or they have passed through it with a homogenization. The idea of creating a new Islamic civilization makes it inevitable to pay attention to the two mentioned approaches.