Investigation of SMAD3 and SMAD4 Genes Expression in CML Patients and K562 Cell Line

Chronic myeloid leukemia or CML is a clonal myeloproliferative disorder with abnormal Philadelphia chromosome cytogenetic index. One of the important signaling pathways in the process of proliferation and apoptosis of cancer cells and disease pathogenesis is β-TGF, the dysregulation of the expression of its components, such as the SMAD family, plays a significant role in regulating tumor growth and cancer development. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine and investigate the expression of SMAD3 and SMAD4 genes in patients with CML and K562 cell line.

the present descriptive case-control study was conducted in 2020 at the Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht Branch. The statistical population of the research included 80 people who referred to the link and were divided into two groups; 40 patients with CML were selected as the case group and 40 healthy individuals as controls, matched in terms of age and sex, and K562 cell line. The expression levels of SMAD3 and SMAD4 genes were measured by Real Time PCR and cDNA synthesis, and the collected data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA T-test.

The SMAD3 gene was significantly decreased in CML patients and this was as well observed in the K562 cell line (p<0.0001) and the level of SMAD4 gene expression in the patients and the K562 cell line did not display any significant relationship with the disease (p<0.0001). 0.001) P values less than 0.05 were considered.

According to the results of the present study, the expression of some genes in the signaling pathways can play an effective role in the development of disease or drug resistance. The decrease in SMAD3 expression in CML can indicate the relationship between the disease and the disorder in gene expression.