Association between Cardio-Metabolic and Hepatic Indices and, Dietary Intake between Metabolically Obesity Groups: A Cross-Sectional Study of the Hoveyzeh Cohort

The role of metabolic status on cardiovascular disease, hepatic steatosis and, nutrition between metabolically obesity groups is unclear. This study aimed to compare the cardio-metabolic and hepatic indices and, dietary intake between metabolically obesity groups.

In this cross-sectional study, 7464 participants in hoveyzeh city classified into four groups: MHNW: Metabolically Healthy Normal Weight, MUNW: Metabolically Unhealthy Normal Weight, MHOO: Metabolically Healthy Overweight/obese, MUOO: Metabolically Unhealthy Overweight/obese. Cardio-metabolic and hepatic indices and, dietary intake were compared among groups.

The high risk MUOO group had the highest frequency (57.36%) among the metabolic obesity groups. The values of Waist to Hip Ratio (WHR), Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI) and Waist adjusted Weight Index (WWI) and, most of the cardio-metabolic indices in metabolically unhealthy groups were significantly higher but, hepatic indices in overweight-obese groups were significantly greater. The MUNW and MUOO groups had the most positive relation with Lipoprotein Combine Index (LCI) and Hepatic Steatosis Index (HSI), respectively. The highest intake of total fat and mono-unsaturated fatty acid was in the MHNW and MHOO groups, and the highest intake of saturated fat was in MHNW group.

MUNW group had a higher risk for cardiovascular diseases than MHOO group. The association between metabolic health and cardiovascular diseases is more important than obesity with that. Hepatic steatosis and non-alcoholic fatty liver risk were higher in the individuals with abnormal weights.