Pathology of Environmental Policy Compiling Process (Case Study - Lake Urmia)

In the current situation, planning and policy making is necessary to prevent the spread of environmental disasters and one of the most important issues in the country is the issue of Lake Urmia which in recent years, many policies have been approved that have not been sufficiently effective. The purpose of the current study is based on the approach of policy analysis.

The research strategy was applied in terms of purpose is practical and according to the nature of the problem, a qualitative research approach was chosen. The research method is a case study with the aim of describing and collecting data from semi-structured interviews and the data analysis method is quantitative content analysis. Participants are environmental experts who have relevant knowledge and experience in the subject. The baseline model based on the public policy analysis process diagram includes problem determination, goal setting, criteria decision making, option selection, option analysis, and option comparison.

Findings and studies of Lake Urmia, which are based on the views of the statistical community of policy makers and experts acknowledged that the process of destruction in the Lake Urmia basin has slowed down but the destruction of the environment in the country, 20% is due to the compiling of weak laws and regulations, 60% is due to non-compliance with full implementation of laws and economic valuation of the environment and the remaining 20% is due to how policies are evaluated.

As 100% of the statistical community of this research, including policy makers and experts, admitted that the process of destruction in the Urmia lake basin has slowed down, but the main reasons for the spread of environmental destruction in the country are the lack of adherence to the implementation of laws and the lack of economic valuation of the environment in the past years. This research was carried out in order to determine the problems and objectives of the existing policies in the Deparment of Environment. In this regard, it is suggested that this research should occur in the larger scope of other effective governmental organization in the area of Lake Urmia in order to restore and protect the wetland and provide water resources, including the Ministry of Energy, the Ministry of Agricultural, the Program and Budget Organization and their provincial units.