A Critical Review of the Narratives and Stories of the ‎Fourth Grade Textbook of Persian Language and ‎Presenting Extra-Textual Teaching Solutions

In this article, two approaches have been used in the criticism of children's literature to examine the narratives and stories of the fourth-grade textbooks of Persian language: first, the theory of reader-oriented criticism; and second, the approach of combining pleasure and education in children's literature. It is necessary to explain these two categories on which this research was formed.It was Chambers, the great English researcher, who for the first time applied the basics of reader-oriented criticism and theory in the field of children's literature and tried to establish a link between reader-oriented criticism and language studies in the fields of literature and aesthetics, considering language and writing style. Based on this model, Chambers proposed the study of children's and adolescents’ stories based on the separation of three categories of narratology, stylistics, and telling gaps in the story.The second approach is the necessity of pleasure in children's literature, which was discussed by Perry Nodelman. The principle of this theory is based on a delightful approach to education in children's literature. According to Nodelman, the amusement of the text has various forms and the child can take pleasure in the text with the help of the trainer and the teacher. By preparing the student's mind, she/he can be made aware of the pleasures that the texts provide, so that she/he becomes interested in reading and distinguishes between useful and harmful texts.