Simulation of residential buildings with different architectural components in order to optimize energy consumption in Tehran (Case study of Zone 1)

In Iran, the construction sector accounts for about 40% of total energy consumption and is one of the most consumed sectors of energy demand in the residential sector. So that more than a third of energy consumption in the country is the energy demand of the residential sector. Therefore, in this study, the optimal architectural patterns of residential buildings from the point of view of energy are studied scientifically by comparing the amount of energy consumption in the study area and by examining the design examples of common buildings in District 1 of Tehran and modeling. They calculated the amount of energy required for heating and cooling the building and the effect of various factors on the energy consumption of the building with the help of "Design Builder" software. Synthesis of studies indicates that simple methods of designing the interior and exterior architecture of residential buildings can reduce energy consumption in the study areas by about 40% and also by developing architectural criteria for different areas of Tehran and using In designing these criteria, a significant reduction in the energy consumption of buildings and energy efficiency can be achieved. Reducing the energy consumption of buildings with architectural design causes that this method of energy efficiency in buildings is highly commensurate with the economic, cultural and social conditions of the residents of these areas and is highly successful in implementation.