Quality Improvement of the Elderly’s Outdoor Environment in Residential Complexes of Future Cities Emphasizing on Elements of the Biophilic Approach

With the beginning of the industrial age, the pace of urbanization has grown rapidly and is still moving towards the future. The future of human lies in urbanization, therefore, the necessity of foresight and creating a desirable living environment in the future cities is among the requirements of the present day’s planning. The biophilic approach is one of the naturalistic approaches that have entered into the area of architecture and urban planning since the early 21st century. Taking into account the problems that lie ahead, the increased elderly population and environmental changes are among the challenges in the future city. The present research is aimed at improving the quality of the outdoor space of the elderly living environment using the biophilic approach and urbanism in future city. This study was conducted by looking at the future city and the challenges facing it and trend analysis method. Data collection and analysis was done with a combined method (quantitative and qualitative) and using spss24 software and Pearson's correlation coefficient and one-sample t-test tests.; and data analysis was conducted using the SPSS24 software, Pearson's correlation coefficient test and one-sample t-test. The results indicated that the majority of the relationships between the elements of the biophilic approach with the components of the quality of the environment have a meaningful relationship and the highest number of correlations between the elements of the biophilic approach with the semantic component of the quality of the outdoor environment. According to the findings, biophilic activity has the highest effect (4.25) and the nature of space has the lowest effect (2.82). Among the 44 examined items, the green space, plants and water element (4.53) has the highest average value and not being afraid of dense trees (2.55) has the lowest average value. Furthermore, the results suggested that a more desirable quality of environment leads in the elderly’s interest, enhancing their biophilic activities such as sports, walking and gardening and also increasing their social interactions in the outdoor space of residential complexes. The results of this study can be used in planning and design of residential complexes in the future city.