Beyond Professionalism in Alawi's Management (Case Study: Reviewing Imam Ali's Letters and Sermons to the Rulers in Nahj al-Balāghah)

In this study, using Imam Ali's (as) ethical advices to the rulers in Nahj al-Balāghah, and comparing them with the component of ethical code of conduct, which is one of the components of professionalism, the difference between his recommendations and the moral code of the professionalism is revealed, based on the four human communication behaviors. The findings of this study show that Imam Ali's (as) advices to the rulers in the holy communication behavior include glorifying Allah and tendency to the resurrection, in theoretical point, and performing religious duties and prayers on time and etc., in practical point. His advice related to interpersonal communication behavior of rulers can be divided into two categories: communication with people on the one hand and communication with the organization, employees and high-ranking officials on the other hand. The general recommendations of Imam Ali (as) in maintaining trustworthiness, optimal use of blessings and avoiding corruption in the land are to explain the extra-personal communication of managers. From the analysis of these findings, it can be concluded that the recommendations of Imam Ali (as) in holy communication behavior are completely different and play a central role for the implementation of the recommendations of the other three communication behaviors. From his point of view, god-centeredness and hereafter-orientation, which is achieved by fulfilling divine obligations and avoiding forbidden things and the like, can be an executive guarantee for creating constructive and good communication behaviors in the intra-personal, interpersonal and extra-personal areas of managers.