Comparing the Effectiveness of Education Based on Multiple Intelligences and Phonological Awareness and the Combination of these two Methods on Improving the Working Memory of Dyslexic Students

The present study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of education based on multiple intelligences and phonological awareness and the combination of these two methods on improving the working memory of dyslexic students. The research method is an experimental type with a multi-group pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the research included students with dyslexia in Ardabil city in the academic year of 2017 (N=112). The sampling method was readily available, and using this method, 64 people were selected and divided into three experimental groups of 16 people and a control group. The first experimental group had ten sessions of phonological awareness training, the second experiment had eleven sessions of training based on multiple intelligences, and the third group had twenty sessions combining the two methods and the control group had their normal daily schedule. Raven's progressive matrices test and Cornoldi's working memory test were used to collect data. Analysis of variance test was used to analyze the research data and SPSS statistical software was used for this purpose.Resuls: The findings showed that training based on phonological awareness and multiple intelligences and the combination of the two methods significantly improved the working memory of the tested groups (P<0.05). Also, the results showed that the combined training of phonological awareness and multiple intelligences had a greater effect on the average working memory scores of dyslexic children. Based on the obtained results, the combination of two methods of phonological awareness and multiple intelligence improves the working memory of dyslexic children. So, psychologists are advised to use education based on phonological awareness and multiple intelligences in order to help improve the working memory of children with dyslexia.