Rhetorical analysis of macro-metaphors and sub-metaphors of the concept of "Jan" in Masnavi Manavi

Masnavi Manavi is a great work in the field of Iranian Islamic mysticism. In this work, Molavi talks about mystical experiences and concepts with simple language and the use of various rhetorical techniques, such as the use of similes and metaphors, and makes them felt for the readers. There is a lot of talk about the concept of "soul" in Masnavi. Molavi believes in the unity of souls, the opposition of body and soul, its immortality and guidance, and tries to convey his meaning to the reader. The images used for John in the Masnavi are such that it seems that beyond the apparent similes and metaphors, broader images have been in the poet"s mind, from which other images (macro metaphors), metaphors and similes (micro metaphors) have arisen.

In order to investigate the rhetorical analysis of various conceptual metaphors and macro metaphors of John, in a descriptive-analytical way, six Masnavi books were examined and the necessary evidence was extracted from them.

The use of macro-metaphors for life and the formation of small conceptual metaphors from those macro-metaphors is one of Molvi"s tricks in explaining and describing life, which can be considered under the stylistics of Masnavi"s rhetorical layer. In fact, by considering macro metaphors in his mind and point of view, Rumi presents metaphors whose source is in these macro metaphors. It seems that these broad metaphors in the depth of Molavi"s worldview and attitude overshadow the rest of similes and metaphors and are considered their hidden foundations.

In the examination of images related to life in Masnavi, four metaphors about life were found: "Life is a living entity", "Life is a place", "Life is an object", "Life is a source of light". In the statistical analysis of these metaphors, it was found that the metaphors "the soul is a living being" and "the soul is an object" are the most widely used metaphors about life in Masnavi. From the four macro-metaphors mentioned, 449 smaller conceptual metaphors have appeared, which are structured under these broad metaphors.