Aesthetics of four literary virtues in Diwan Shab al-Zarif

Shab al-Zarif is one of the Syrian Arabic-language poets of the Mamluk period who was very skilled in the use of various genres and literary arrays. Among his beautiful and interesting arrays are four arrays: Hasan Tahir, Hassan Khatam, Hassan Tafam and Hassan Talil. In the present research, these four literary virtues in Shab al-Zarif's Diwan are examined from the aspect of aesthetics. The author of the present essay has done it in a descriptive-analytical way and based on library studies and has come to the conclusion that Shab al-Zarif has used the four literary virtues: Hassan Tahir, Hassan Khatam, Hassan Tafam, and Hassan Talil in a very artistic way. These merits, Hasan Talil compared to other cases, due to being accompanied by expressive arrays such as similes and metaphors, are among the imaginative and imaginative forms of rhetoric. By taking advantage of these literary qualities, Shab al-Zarif has increased the grace and prosperity of his speech after establishing his speech and meeting the needs of the audience, and has finally attracted the attention of the audience.