Effect of Drought and Heat Stress on Growth and Yield and Quality of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Effect of Drought and Heat Stress on Growth and Yield and Quality of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)  Imad Alwan Kattan1 Mohammad Mirzaei Heydari2* Wasit Governorate, Al-Kut, Wasit Province, Iraq. Department of Production Engineering and Plant Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.  *Corresponding author: mirzaeiheydari@yahoo.com Received: 28 March 2022                                                                               Accepted:  10 Jun 2022 AbstractMany agricultural crops in various parts of the world are exposed to biotic and abiotic stresses such as heat and drought. Including the wheat crop, which is considered the first crop in the world, and therefore the seriousness of both stresses is represented in their threat to global food security. In terms of the impact on the rate of yield production and the contribution to reducing the production of wheat grains, where drought can be considered compared to other factors as the most dangerous factor in recent years due to climate change and lack of rain. Accordingly, agricultural specialists and researchers must work to reduce this potential risk by finding and developing agricultural varieties that are able to withstand and resist heat stress and drought, and that can produce a good amount of wheat under the pressures of both stresses, which is guaranteed by securing food globally. Through this research, we touched on the seriousness of drought and heat on the wheat plant, and showed some mechanisms of resistance and adaptation shown by the plant in those conditions.