The legal nature of the obligation of the issuer and the endorser in front of the holder of the bill of exchange

The purpose of this study was to investigate the legal nature of the obligation of the issuer and endorser in front of the holder of the bill of exchange. The design of the descriptive research was descriptive-analytical. The purpose of this research is to explain the legal nature of the obligation of the issuer and endorser to the holder of the bill of exchange and its effects in commercial law and to clarify the ambiguities and inadequacies in Iran's commercial laws regarding the use of these documents. Validation and effectiveness of these documents in internal commercial exchanges based on Iran's trade law and Iran's trade law are among the goals pursued in this research. In order for a commercial document to be able to realize the two principles of speed and accuracy in commercial transactions, it is necessary to have certain attributes and characteristics and to be transformed from a paper form as a means of proof (like official and normal documents) into a movable and immaterial property and independent of Basic transactions and relationships should be valid. Therefore, there is no doubt in the demand for credit reflected in the sheet, and as a result, speed in business is ensured.