The study of nitrogen application on some qualitative and quantitative traits of barley (Hordeum vulgaris L.) in mixed cropping with vetch (Vicia sativa L.)

In order to study the production potential and competitive power of barley and vetch plants in the mixed cropping pattern under the influence of different planting patterns and the use of nitrogen fertilizer, an experiment was carried out in the 2017-2018 in two research stations of Sisab and Shirvan in North Khorasan province. The type of experimental design was a split plot based on a randomized complete block design, with the main factor including nitrogen fertilizer at three levels (zero, 50 and 100 kg/ha) and the sub-factor of different cultivation patterns at five levels (barley monoculture, vetch monoculture, Incremental ratios: 15, 30, and 45 increased the density of vetch to barley) and the cultivation was mixed and additive. The examined traits included: barley plant height, barley ash content, Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF), number of grains per barley spike, number of spikes per square meter of barley, weight of 1000 barley grains, barley protein content and barley grain yield. The results showed that the highest amount of barley ash was obtained in the 45:100 mixed crop treatment and in the 100 kg nitrogen fertilizer treatment, while the lowest amount of this trait was in the 100:15 mixed crop treatments and the pure barley crop, which was in the no nitrogen treatment. Was obtained. The highest yield of barley seeds was obtained in the pure cultivation of barley and in the nitrogen treatment of 100 kg/ha (1675 kg/ha), that related to Sisab region and the lowest yield was obtained in the mixed crop of 100:45 and the nitrogen fertilizer treatment (790 kg/ha) that related to Shirvan region. The highest amount of barley protein as well as the weight of 1000 grains was obtained in the treatments of 45:100 and pure cultivation of barley, which was obtained in the treatment of using 100 kg of nitrogen per hectare. The index of land equality ratio in mixed cropping treatment of 100:45 and nitrogen fertilizer 50 kg had the highest value (LER=1.158) which was obtained in Shirvan region; which shows that 15.8% more land area is needed for the pure cultivation system to be able to produce a product equal to the product of the mentioned mixed system; Therefore, it seems that the best treatment among the investigated treatments is the 100:45 mixed cultivation treatment with a fertilizer level of 50 kg/ha of nitrogen.
The examined traits included: barley plant height, barley ash content, Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF), number of grains per barley spike, number of spikes per square meter of barley, weight of 1000 barley grains, barley protein content and barley grain yield. The results showed that the highest amount of barley ash was obtained in the 45:100 mixed crop treatment and in the 100 kg nitrogen fertilizer treatment, while the lowest amount of this trait was in the 100:15 mixed crop treatments and the pure barley crop, which was in the no nitrogen treatment. Was obtained. The highest yield of barley seeds was obtained in the pure cultivation of barley and in the nitrogen treatment of 100 kg/ha (1675 kg/ha), that related to Sisab region and the lowest yield was obtained in the mixed crop of 100:45 and the nitrogen fertilizer treatment (790 kg/ha) that related to Shirvan region. The highest amount of barley protein as well as the weight of 1000 grains was obtained in the treatments of 45:100 and pure cultivation of barley, which was obtained in the treatment of using 100 kg of nitrogen per hectare. The index of land equality ratio in mixed cropping treatment of 100:45 and nitrogen fertilizer 50 kg had the highest value (LER=1.158) which was obtained in Shirvan region; which shows that 15.8% more land area is needed for the pure cultivation system to be able to produce a product equal to the product of the mentioned mixed system; Therefore, it seems that the best treatment among the investigated treatments is the 100:45 mixed cultivation treatment with a fertilizer level of 50 kg/ha of nitrogen.