The Effect of Light Quality on the Morphophysiological Characteristics of Cuttings of Three Varieties of Chrysanthemum in the Rooting Stage (Chrysanthemum grandiflorum) in the Growth Chamber

The effectiveness of LED lamps was evaluated as an alternative to other supplementary lights in different conditions in terms of the growth stage of each plant and the purpose of the cultivation. A factorial experiment was carried out based on completely randomized design. The first factor was the terminal cuttings of three different cultivars of chrysanthemum, given codes of (C1:440), (C2:542) and (C3:567) and the second factor was the light levels of L1, L2, L3 and L4 which represent red-blue, red, blue and white, respectively. Cuttings were planted in the pots filled with small sized perlite, then transferred to the growth chamber. Characteristics such as leaf surface and number, root and stem characteristics, chlorophyll a and b and total, photosynthetic quantum performance index (Fv/Fm), PIabs, malondialdehyde, proline, leaf anthocyanins and soluble carbohydrates were measured. Based on the results, the highest amount of total chlorophyll content was observed in the red-blue combined spectrum, the highest amount of photosynthetic quantum performance index (Fv/Fm) in C1 cultivar under the blue spectra, the maximum amount of leaf anthocyanins in C1 under red light and the lowest amount of malondialdehyde in C2 under the white light. Meanwhile, the maximum value of leaf area was related to C3 under red-blue light treatment and the maximum number of leaves to C1 under red-blue light. The best characteristics of the root were belonged to the C1 cultivar under combined red-blue light. As a result, in terms of physiological and morphological indicators, among the used LED lights, red-blue lights and monochromatic blue light were the best treatments in the growth chamber conditions.