Evaluation of the effect of nanocomposites based on magnetic nanoparticles on wound healing

Skin is a soft tissue that protects the whole body and internal tissues against external hazards such as burns or injuries. Risks cause loss of the skin's defense mechanism and severe infections and wounds that inhibit the healing. Therefore, it is very important to develop effective and fast skin repair. The aim of this study was to prepare a porous scaffold for wound covering made of Polycaprolactone (PCL), the core of this scaffold is made of Carbon Quantum Dot (CQDs), Iron nanoparticles (Fe), and Chitosan (Cs).

The composition of Fe-CQDs was synthesized by ammonium-hydrogen-citrate under hydrothermal conditions and Poly capro lactone/Chitosan/Carbon-quantum dot-iron scaffold by electrospinning method. The synthesized scaffolds were evaluated for morphology, functional groups, structure, and composition by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) , Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRD) analyses, respectively. After characterizing the fabricated scaffold, the viability of L929 fibroblast stem cells was obtained. 

SEM results showed successful integration of polycaprolactone scaffold with chitosan and carbon-iron quantum dot-iron. The average size of polycaprolactone/Chitosan/Carbon-quantum dot-iron nanocomposite was in the range of 32.6-135.0 nm. FTIR results showed the formation of bonds between carbonate and iron nanoparticles. A vibrating magnetometer (VSM) proved superparamagnetic of carbon-quantum dot-iron magnetic nanoparticles. At a concentration of 2% carbon-quantum dot-iron, the scaffold had good biocompatibility, which was proved by a cytotoxicity test.

The results showed that Polycaprolactone /Chitosan /Carbon-quantum dot-iron (PCL/Cs/ CQD-Fe) nanocomposite improves the wound healing process due to its non-toxicity. The biocompatible PCL/Cs/ CQD-Fe nanocomposite is a scaffold of interest in wound dressing that greatly accelerates the skin regeneration process.