The Role of Urban Planning in Post Disaster Recovery through Site Selection of Crisis Management Support Shelters (Case Study: Third District of Shiraz Municipality)

Urban planning in developing countries is limited to providing strategies and policies which are seldom efficient. The lack of preparation in facing crises will lead to an increase of material and moral damages, and the process of recovery from the crisis will take time. Since one of the basic human needs affected by the crisis is having access to a shelter and receiving services in the first hours of the crisis, crisis management support shelters become very effective in providing relief to the survivors. Accordingly, this study investigates the role of urban planning in post-disaster recovery and the site selection of crisis management support shelters in District 3 of Shiraz Municipality. This research is of descriptive-analytical type done through library method to collect the required data. Use of theoretical foundations and research literature as well as the majority of experiences in site selection of crisis management support shelters or temporary settlements would lead to 11 components including population density, land value, type of land use, building quality, neighborhood, building density, multipurpose usage, distance from dangerous activities, access to open spaces, site accessibility and efficiency of infrastructure related to urban transportation in three main criteria, including demographic and economic characteristics, physical and functional characteristics, as well as transportation, accessibility, and urban infrastructures, with the study being evaluated based on these components. In this process, experts' opinions about the components have been obtained by a researcher-made questionnaire and the components have been valued using the ANP method. Then, in the ARC GIS software, base maps have been prepared and integrated. The final output was presented with eight susceptible areas. These areas can be presented in three prioritizations. The priority is allocated to the plannable lands of the Shiraz University of Technology, the plannable lands of the Natural History Museum, and the plannable lands located in the middle of the site. The second priority is Jahannam Garden, Shiraz Central Library, and National Park, and the third priority is Hafiziyah Stadium and the University of Science and Literature.