Analysis of spatial distribution and risks of respiratory diseases in Tehran

Today, respiratory diseases in the form of infectious diseases and diseases caused by environmental issues are spreading day by day, and according to the statistics of the World Health Organization, they have a significant rank among human diseases. The metropolis of Tehran has been exposed to the increasing incidence of respiratory diseases with the increasing growth of its population and urban area as well as air pollution. Analyzing spatio-temporal patterns of respiratory diseases using GIS is very important in understanding the geographical distribution as well as epidemiological and health studies of the urban community of Tehran. This applied and descriptive-analytical research has done spatio-temporal analysis and spatial distribution modeling of the epidemiology of respiratory diseases and their risks in Tehran using spatial statistics. The results of spatial autocorrelation showed that districts 13 and 14 in Tehran are located in the HH cluster, which constitutes 9.09% of all districts. Also, areas 4, 8, 13, 14, and 15 are located in hot spots, which constitute 22.72% of the total areas of Tehran. Investigations showed that the factors of distance and proximity to areas involved in respiratory diseases are among the most important causes of air spread of respiratory diseases in the city of Tehran, which follows the pattern of air spread.