Effect of explant, soum nitroprosside and silicon on in-vitro organogenesis of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)

In the present study, the effect of sodium nitroprusside and silicon on the organogenesis of cotyledonary thin cell layer explants of tomato of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) was studied. This research was conducted in three independent experiments. In the first experiment, cotyledon explants and thin cell layers with 1 mm transverse sections of 8 and 12 days old cotyledons were cultured in MS medium supplemented with 2 mg/L BAP and 2 0.0 mg/L of IAA. Obviously almost all 8-day-old explants regenerated shoots but 12-day-old explants get the necrosis without any organogenesis. After determining the best age of the explant, in the second experiment the effect of BAP alone and in combination with NAA and IAA was evaluated in improving the organogenesis of tomato using both explants. The results showed that almost all Plant regulator combination had more than 90% organogenesis. In the analysis of the number of shoots, the medium supplemented with 2 mg/L of BAP and 0.2 mg/L of IAA showed the highest shoots number per explant. In the third experiment adding 10, 15 and 30 μM of sodium nitroprusside, significantly increased the shoot induction frequency, number of shoots per explants and root induction, respectively. The addition of 50 and 5 mg/L of silicon to the culture medium increased the number of shoots per explants, but adding 500 mg/L of silicon completely stopped the organogenesis.