Unraveling the Components of Sustainable Security in Afghanistan: A Fuzzy Hierarchical Decision Making Perspective

In the intricate geopolitical landscape of Afghanistan, attaining sustainable security remains an evolving challenge fraught with complex dynamics and critical transitions. This study utilizes Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process techniques to systematically elucidate the myriad determinants shaping Afghanistan's security paradigm. Our meticulous examination foregrounds political and social factors as paramount in this multifaceted terrain. Politically, fostering greater regional cooperation, strategic international relations policies, and consolidating the political will of ruling elites emerge as pivotal. Economically, priority rests on catalyzing poverty alleviation and spurring intense developmental drive depicted as ‘economic jihad’. Socially, augmenting solidarity across ethnic and religious divides and encouraging public participation in security are indispensable. Culturally, amplifying educational standards and nurturing trust in governance prove critical. The Taliban takeover marked a profound shift, necessitating reevaluating security paradigms and amplifying Iran’s strategic role in diplomatic engagement and humanitarian aid to moderate Taliban policies and support Afghan stability. By unraveling the complex interplay of factors spanning political, economic, social and cultural dimensions, this study provides invaluable insights to inform context-specific policies and strategies to advance Afghanistan’s multifaceted peacebuilding needs within a holistic framework prioritizing political stability, economic upliftment, social cohesion and regional cooperation underpinned by human rights and inclusive governance.