Crisper Technology and Its Application in Food Industries

Increasing world population and food supply is one of the challenges facing mankind. One of the most important and effective ways to increase food production is the use of genetic engineering; and CrisperCas9 is one of the new known and accurate genome editing methods. Simplicity of use, cheaper, accuracy and proper efficiency are among the most important features of this technology that make it different from other similar methods. CrisperCas9 is somehow related to the immune system related to a short sequence of DNA. In fact, CRISPR is the prokaryotic immune system that creates resistance to external threats, such as DNA phages, plasmids, and viruses. This system has three main parts. A part of it is CrRNA which has a repetitive sequence. which is complementary to the sequence in Trac RNA. CrRNA binds to the target site through its complement, and the Trac RNA sequence also binds to its complement, which is the repetitive sequences in CrRNA. This spatial structure causes the Cas9 protein to be called to the target site. In the food industry, the CRISPR system can be used as a powerful tool in the management of fermentation products for its use in increasing phage resistance, plasmid vaccination, genome editing, and antibacterial activities, which are reviewed in this article.