Explaining the dimensions and criteria of Spiritual Urban Spaces

The momentum of the new resurgent urbanism urgently needs to find new ways of designing in harmony with nature and culture due to spirituality. Insufficient attention to spiritual and moral principles, methods or teachings in urban development has exacerbated this issue .The research method of literature review is the systematic review. In order to refine the theoretical framework and draw a conceptual model, the Delphi method and semi-structured interviews with 51 professors of urban planning, architecture, Quran and hadith science, and 21 interviews with people have been used. Finally, literature review and interviews with professors are analyzed by the thematic analysis method to generate initial codes, review and define themes and finally draw the thematic network of data. The results show that the spiritual urban space is formed in a context that is based on religious or non-religious beliefs and each of these contexts leads to the formation of socio-cultural identity. These values and socio-cultural identity are the basis for the creation of spiritual urban spaces that have one of the elements of sacred or identity architecture in the physical dimensions, meaningful colors and materials and public art; In the visual dimensions, the sense of glory, unity, sacredness, humility, cultural landscape, sacred landscape and green landscape; In the perceptual dimensions of religious and cultural symbols and signs, the sacred sound landscape; In functional dimensions, sacred paths, sacred uses; In the natural dimensions of the environment, natural elements and environmental identity of the region; In socio-cultural dimensions, cultural identity, cultural and social events in a cohesive multicultural society; And in the dimension of time, the sense of time in historical contexts and religious-cultural uses are temporal. Perception and experience of such spaces have different effects on individuals, which include the person's optimal relationship with God, self, others and nature.