Ranking and analysing the risks of green building development and construction using the combination of hierarchical and fuzzy analysis techniques

Green building is considered as an effective method for the interaction between the rapid development of construction, conservation of resources with the least impact on the environment, and the distribution of renewable and clean energy. While green building has such potential benefits, the risks associated with green buildings have been less evaluated. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to identify and rank the upcoming risks of the development and construction of green buildings in Iran, and to determine the importance of the four limitations of the project in the most effective identified risks and to prioritize the limitations in green building projects. In this research, 10 risks were identified including: economic, contractual, managerial, educational, legal, industry, functional, market, environmental and safety, by examining and evaluating the issue of the development and construction of green buildings in scientific and research sources. Then, by designing and compiling the questionnaire tool, the research objectives were evaluated in two stages. In the first step, the identified risks were ranked using the Analytical Hierarchy (AHP) method and the most effective risks were determined. During the second stage, with the aim of determining the importance of the four limitations of project management and the impact of the most effective risks on the four limitations, it was evaluated and determined by the Fuzzy Hierarchy Analysis (FAHP) method. The results of the first stage showed that the five economic, market, performance, industry and safety risks are the most effective risks for the development and construction of green buildings. The results of the second phase showed that the importance of quality limitation was the first priority, and after that, cost, time, and work area were placed in the next priorities.