Investigation on the effects of intensity and quality of LED lights on in-vitro regeneration & growth of yellow flag (Iris pseudacorus)

Research Iris Pseudacorus is a perennial herbaceous plant with yellow flowers belonging to the Iridaceae family which is used as an ornamental plant. The light changes led to different morphogenetic and photosynthetic responses in some ornamental plants. LED lights could improve the growth and physiological development of plantlets and affects the morphogenesis and secondary metabolite production of plants. The goal of the present study was to investigate the effects of the LED lights on the growth, development, physiological and morphological indices of the Iris Pseudacorus.Research This experiment was conducted with a factorial arrangement based on a completely randomized design with two factors of light intensity (1500 and 3000 lux) and light quality 100% white (control), 100% red light, 100% blue light, 20% red + 80% blue, 40% red + 60% blue, 60% red + 40% blue and 80% red + 20% Blue} by using 4 replications The measured morphological and physiological traits were leaf number and length, leaf area, fresh weight, percentage of regeneration, Survival rate, root number and length, total phenol and flavonoid, chlorophyll a, b and total and carotenoid. Analysis of variance results showed that the interaction of different light intensities and qualities on the evaluated indices was not significant. It also indicated that the light intensity treatment had a significant effect on leaf number, leaf length and leaf area and total phenol content (P<0.01) and fresh weight, survival percentage, regeneration percentage, total flavonoids content, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, and carotenoids (P<0.05). Also, light quality treatment significantly affected total phenols and flavonoid content (P<0.01). A comparison of the mean for the effect of different light intensities indicated that the highest leaf number, leaf length, leaf area, survival percentage, regeneration percentage, and also the highest fresh weight, total phenol, total flavonoids, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll was observed in 3000 lux light intensity. Also, a comparison of the mean data obtained from the effect of different light qualities showed that the highest amount of total phenol (mg GAE / g FW038.3) and total flavonoids (GAE / g FW 8.796 mg) was observed in 100% blue light treatment. According to the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that light intensity compared to different light qualities has a more significant influence on morphological and physiological parameters of in vitro plantlets of the Yellow Flag. The results also indicated that with increasing light intensity from 1500 to 3000 lux, morphological and physiological indices of Yellow Flag plantlets were significantly enhanced. It indicates that increasing light intensity in mass and commercial production of this plant under in vitro conditions would be effective.