Analyzing the Climatic Conditions of Tourism in West Azerbaijan Province Using Bioclimatic Indicators

This study aimed to assess the tourism climate in West Azerbaijan Province. The data on key climatic parameters were obtained from the Meteorological Department of West Azerbaijan Province, spanning from establishment of the stations to 2021. Daily statistics for air temperature (in Celsius), relative humidity (as a percentage), wind speed (in meters per second), and cloudiness (measured in octals) were collected for each station. Additionally, total solar radiation, water vapor pressure, and solar radiation angle were calculated, while longitude, latitude, and sea level altitude were factored into the estimation of indicators. Subsequently, UTCI and PMV indices were computed using Rayman, Bioklima, and Excel software. Monthly maps were generated using the IDW interpolation method in ArcGIS Pro software. The findings revealed that the bioclimatic conditions in the province were very cold, cold, and cool in the first quarter of the year. As spring arrived, comfortable thermal conditions prevailed in most cities and persisted until late. While thermal comfort was observed during the summer months, the prevailing conditions in the province became hot and very hot. At the onset of autumn, a wave of comfortable conditions covered the entire province and continued until November, giving way to cool, cold, and very cold conditions as the year drew to a close. According to the PMV index, the months of April, May, and October, and based on the UTCI index, the months of April, May, and June exhibited the highest climate comfort.