Discourse Formulation of Fatalistic Propositions in Hafez's Poetry (With Emphasis on Mystical Discourse)

Hafez's poetry has the greatest capability to be analyzed from the perspective of discourse analysis due to the accumulation of metaphors and ambiguities that double its evasiveness and fluidity. In the meantime, examining the fatalistic propositions in Hafez's poetry, beyond their apparent implication of extreme belief in fate reveals the connection of these propositions with the social, political, and ideological realities of the time of the narration of the text, and factors such as "historical context" and "power relations in the society". Considering the discourse of fatalism in Hafez's poetry as a construction of the relationship between the structure and themes of his poetry with extra-textual factors, the present research tried to give a new formulation of it that is compatible with Hafez's free-thinking and critical views. This study is written using a descriptive-analytical method. The research showed that Hafez, behind the face of the text, and beyond the outward expressions of his poetry, which speaks of submission to fate, is trying to build a critical discourse through the use of language, to bring about changes in the macro social structures and struggle with power institutions and ideologies related to them. In the process of a language game, while expanding his popular ideology under the guise of fatalism, he pursues a goal beyond the spread of fatalism in his poetry and tries to reproduce and induce a new message and meaning of fatalism in the audience's mind.