The Effect of 12 Weeks of Tai Chi Exercises on Static and Dynamic Balance in Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder

Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is one of the six most common developmental disorders in children, affecting approximately 5-6% of school-aged children. This condition is characterized by difficulties in acquiring and performing motor skills, such as balance, which often lag behind those of peers. Addressing these motor challenges is important for improving the quality of life and physical function in affected children. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a 12-week Tai Chi exercise program on the static and dynamic balance of children with DCD.

This study employed a semi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test assessments, incorporating an experimental group and a control group. The statistical population consisted of all 8- to 12-year-old students diagnosed with DCD in Hamedan City during the academic year 1402-1403. A total of 30 male students with DCD were selected voluntarily to participate in the study. Baseline measurements included the participants' height, weight, and body mass index (BMI). To assess motor skills, static and dynamic balance pre-tests were conducted using the Stork and Star balance tests, respectively. The experimental group engaged in a structured Tai Chi training program for 12 weeks, while the control group continued their regular daily activities without intervention. At the end of the training period, both groups underwent the same static and dynamic balance tests as in the pre-test.

The findings revealed that participation in the 12-week Tai Chi training program significantly improved both static and dynamic balance in children with DCD. This improvement was evident in the post-test results of the experimental group compared to their pre-test scores and the control group.

The study has shown that Tai Chi exercises effectively enhance balance performance in children with DCD. It is recommended that Tai Chi be incorporated into therapeutic and physical activity programs for children with DCD.