The effect of social (and spiritual & religious) capitals on economic growth and development

In this paper, first, social (and spiritual & religious) capitals are discussed and explain their concepts; introduce components and the type of relationship exists between them. Then, the effect of social (and spiritual & religious) capitals on economic growth and development is determined and demonstrate the most important mechanisms of this effectiveness. At last, this paper includes the most conclusive mechanisms as: reducing inequality and alleviating poverty, increasing the effectiveness of market, encouraging economic growth, reducing costs, increasing efficiency of other capitals, creating economic institutions and organizations and improving their operations, expanding financial markets and encouraging investments, increasing full employment, conducting more transactions, fostering innovations and improving technology.