Study of Precipitation - Runoff in the Basin of Masouleh

The distribution of precipitation on the surface of a basin is influenced by various processes. Part of the water penetrates into ground and joins ground waters or flows out of the basin in the form of sub-surface flows. Another part is consumed by transpiration, evaporation, interception and depression storage. The combination of these facts act as blocking factors and prevents precipitation from running off the basin totally. Part of precipitation that is neither evaporated nor absorbed by plants or penetrated into the soil flows out on the sloping surfaces of the waterways of basin. This water is called runoff. There are many factors that affect the amount of runoff in an area. Some of these factors are due to the characteristics of the basin itself, such as basin physiography, geology, vegetation, soil condition, etc. other factors intensify runoff through the interference of human activities in the natural environment of the region and disturbing the natural environment balance, and so cause irreparable losses in the region. In this paper, we have tried to evaluate the factors affecting the runoff of a basin by investigating precipitation and runoff in the basin of Masouleh.