Moslem geographers and Islamic civilization

With the advent of Islam in Saudi Arabia, the Moslems on the one hand got an identity, and on the other hand got superiority over other nations. Although in the first century of Islam Saudi Arabia had the central role, in the second and third Century this superiority was transferred to Baqdad. Arab’s Civilization got acquainted with Iranian civilization and Iranian civilization influenced it a lot. While Islam was developing toward the east and west in the forth and fifth centuries, Islamic civilization got promoted and caused the emergence of the great and well known geographers. Moslems were deeply interested in geography. Moslem geographers because of their company with the Greek could translate some of the Greek works, as a result this caused Islamic geography gain a scientific colour. The Greek and the Moslems got the first and second stands in science respectively. Eventually, the scientific thoughts of Moslems influenced the medieval European greatly and enlightened them. Most of the famous Moslem geographers were Iranians and Arabs and Turkish geographers stood next to them. Iranian with a great effort extended Islamic civilization to the east. The remained works of Moslem geographers indicate to the point that they made great efforts to develop Islamic civilization, and Iranian played a considerable role in extending Islamic civilization to the east. This article tries to investigate the reasons of Moslems interest in geography, Moslems geographers and their works, also the use of different methods.