Evaluation of Cholecystectomy complications in diabetic and non-diabetic patients in Kerman university hospitals from the year 1374 to 1377

Diabetes mellitus is a systemic disease that involves multiple organs. Several documented studies indicated that prevalence of gallstone in diabetics is higher than nondiabetics. Thus, rate of acute cholecystitis and cholecystectomy should be higher in these patients. Some studies have shown that the risk of postoperative complications is higher in the diabetics. This cross-sectional study has been done from 1374 to 1377 in two university hospitals (Bahonar and Kerman-Darman) of Kerman. The study is conducted on 227 sequential patients with cholecystitis that were candidates for cholecystectomy within 72 hours of diagnosis. After preliminary therapy and Para clinic study, including fasting blood sugar (FBS) measurement, upper midline laparotomy was performed-following induction of general balanced anesthesia. Stage of the disease was registered during the operation. The subjects were followed up to 30 days for detection of postoperative complications. There were 34 (15%) diabetics (5 type-1 and 28 type-2 diabetics) with age of 62.6±11.9 years, and 193 (85%) nondiabetic patients aged 54.4±15.8 years old. Therefore the age of diabetics were higher than that of nondiabetics (P=0.0008). FBS of diabetic and nondiabetic groups were 189.12±53.64 mg/dl and 91.44±15.15 mg/dl respectively (P=0.0001). As for as progression of the disease, 25 (23.5%) of diabetics and 90 (74%)of non diabetics had a higher stages of cholecystitis (P<0.05). Postoperative complications were encountered in 15 (38.4%) cases of diabetic and 21 (10.5%) cases of nondiabetic groups (P<0.001, OR=5.33, X²=19.86). It seems that increased prevalence of postoperative complications in diabetic patients is due to more advanced stages of their disease at the time of diagnosis. However systemic changes due to aging in diabetic patients should also be considered.