Effect of Issues and Challenges of Scientific Environment to Academic Socialization

While reviewing the challenges and issues facing Iranian Universities, the current article sorts these problems and issues based on their outmost presence in the academic environment, in terms of 26 major categories according to the responses of 260 PhD students and investigates their effect on academic socialization of university students. Academic socialization was measured using four scales including 1) student's adhere to academic norms 2) perception of the students on the extent that these norms are observed within the academic environment 3) Extent that the students adhere to academic counter norms 4) perception of the students on the extent that these counter norms are observed within the academic environment. The results shows that challenges facing academic environment are the most important hindering factors in successful academic socialization of the students. These hindering factors are mainly institutional and structural and the individual factors are secondary. Results also indicates that these factors are not directly related to academic socialization but are mediated through student's perception of the extent that these norms and counter norms are observed within the academic environment.