In vitro evaluation of Fuji IX glass ionomer to microleakage after exposure to hydrogen peroxide 35% in Class V restoration

Fuji IX packable glass ionomer has anti-carious properties by adhesion to tooth structure. It seems to provide adequate seal between tooth structure and restoration due to the development of ionic crosslinks. Furthermore, bleaching may affect the marginal seal of restorations, subsequently increasing the leakage of oral fluids and bacteria into the restored structure. The aim was to evaluate the effect of packable glass ionomer (Fuji IX) on the microleakage of Class V restoration exposed with and without H2O2 35%. Forty sound human molars and premolars were selected and class V standard cavities were prepared on each tooth. The specimens were assigned in two case and control groups while cases were exposed to H2O2 35% for the subsequent 5 days (30 minutes each day thrice) and the controls were stored in serum physiology. The specimens were thermocycled, stained with fushin and sectioned longitudinally. The microleakage scores were determined and subjected to Mann-Whitney U and Friedman tests in both groups. The mean and median of leakage scores in four regions of control specimens were 1.588 and 1.625 while the ratios were 1.913 and 2.25 for the teeth exposed to H2O2. The teeth exposed to H2O2 35% leaked higher than control specimens in the mesial region (p<0.04), while no significant differences were observed between two groups in the other areas. The use of Fuji IX glass ionomer cements in the restoration of class V cavities is an acceptable treatment modality for the restoration of bleached teeth.